| 1 | Beam Angle | Select a narrow beam of approximately 10°–24° for accent lighting, a medium beam of 25°–40° for general task lighting, or a wide beam above 40° for broader area coverage. | Retail displays, galleries, offices, hospitality areas, warehouses, and circulation spaces. | Beam angle controls the illuminated area, light intensity at the target, spacing, and the number of lamps required. | Request photometric data, an IES or LDT file where available, and a sample test at the intended mounting distance. |
| 2 | Required Light Output | Define the target lumens per lamp and the required illuminance in lux at the working surface. Typical indoor task areas may require several hundred lux, while accent lighting may use substantially lower levels. | Workstations, product highlighting, corridors, reading areas, and inspection zones. | Wattage alone does not indicate brightness; delivered lumens and mounting height provide a more reliable basis for comparison. | Compare measured lumen output, light distribution, and installation height rather than relying only on nominal wattage. |
| 3 | Color Temperature | Choose approximately 2700–3000 K for warm environments, 3500–4100 K for balanced commercial spaces, or 5000–6500 K for cooler work and utility areas. | Residential-style interiors, retail, offices, workshops, storage areas, and outdoor service locations. | Color temperature influences perceived atmosphere, visual comfort, product appearance, and consistency across the installation. | Specify one color-temperature range and request a tolerance, such as a defined CCT bin, for all bulk units. |
| 4 | Color Rendering | Use CRI 80 or higher for general areas and consider CRI 90 or higher where accurate color evaluation is important. For retail or inspection use, specify the relevant special color metrics if needed. | Clothing stores, food presentation, art displays, healthcare areas, photography spaces, and quality-control workstations. | Higher color rendering helps objects appear closer to their natural colors under the lamp. | Check the test report for CRI, R9 or other applicable metrics, and compare a physical sample with representative materials. |
| 5 | Electrical Compatibility | Confirm nominal voltage, frequency, input current, power factor, dimming method, connector type, and driver arrangement. Common commercial systems may use constant-voltage or constant-current drivers depending on the lamp design. | New construction, retrofit projects, track systems, cabinet lighting, industrial equipment, and control-integrated installations. | Electrical mismatch can cause flicker, overheating, premature failure, unsafe operation, or incompatibility with controls. | Match the lamp specification sheet with the site power supply, existing driver, control system, and wiring method. |
| 6 | Dimming and Control | Define whether the project requires non-dimming operation, phase dimming, 0–10 V, DALI, PWM, occupancy control, daylight harvesting, or another documented control method. | Offices, conference rooms, museums, hotels, classrooms, smart buildings, and energy-management projects. | Control compatibility affects commissioning, user comfort, energy savings, and system reliability. | Perform a compatibility test with the intended dimmer or control protocol before approving the complete bulk order. |
| 7 | Thermal Performance and Service Life | Select a fixture with an appropriate heat sink and a published operating temperature range. LED service-life claims should be reviewed together with lumen-maintenance information and operating conditions. | Recessed ceilings, enclosed housings, high-use commercial areas, production rooms, and locations with limited ventilation. | Excessive heat can accelerate lumen depreciation and reduce the useful life of LEDs and electronic components. | Review thermal test conditions, ambient-temperature limits, lumen maintenance data, and the installation clearance requirements. |
| 8 | Environmental Protection | Use an appropriate IP rating: lower ratings may suit dry indoor areas, while splash-prone or dusty locations require higher protection according to the actual installation conditions. | Bathrooms, kitchens, covered outdoor areas, workshops, warehouses, parking structures, and food-service environments. | Protection against dust and moisture supports safe operation and helps prevent corrosion or electrical damage. | Confirm the rating applies to the complete assembled lamp and verify whether the rating changes after connectors or accessories are installed. |
| 9 | Mechanical Fit and Installation | Record cutout dimensions, housing depth, mounting method, lamp weight, track or ceiling compatibility, cable length, and required accessories before setting the bulk quantity. | Downlight replacements, linear systems, track lighting, display cabinets, suspended fixtures, and retrofit installations. | Accurate dimensional data reduces installation delays, modification work, and unusable inventory. | Measure the site, compare technical drawings, and install a sample in the actual mounting surface before final production. |
| 10 | Quality, Compliance, and Batch Consistency | Establish acceptance criteria for lumen output, CCT tolerance, beam angle, electrical safety, appearance, packaging, and defect rate. Use the same approved specification for samples and production units. | Multi-site rollouts, property developments, chain stores, public facilities, and replacement-stock programs. | Clear criteria help maintain visual uniformity and simplify inspection, warranty handling, and inventory management. | Approve a reference sample, define inspection procedures, request batch test records, and retain samples for future comparison. |