| Typical application | Control rooms, meeting rooms, retail spaces, museums and broadcast studios | Building façades, stadiums, transport areas, advertising displays and public venues | Concerts, exhibitions, conferences, touring events and temporary installations | Premium indoor viewing environments requiring high pixel density and surface protection |
| Common pixel pitch | Approximately 0.9–2.5 mm | Approximately 3–10 mm | Approximately 2.6–4.8 mm | Approximately 0.7–1.5 mm |
| Indicative minimum viewing distance | About 1–3 m, depending on pitch and content | About 3–10 m, depending on pitch and screen size | About 3–8 m, depending on venue and camera distance | Often below 2.5 m for close-viewing applications |
| Typical brightness | Approximately 600–1,500 nits | Approximately 4,500–7,000 nits | Approximately 3,500–5,500 nits | Approximately 600–1,500 nits |
| Recommended refresh rate | 1,920–3,840 Hz for smooth video and camera capture | 1,920–3,840 Hz for outdoor video and live content | 3,840–7,680 Hz for broadcast and high-speed cameras | 1,920–3,840 Hz for close-viewing and video applications |
| Common protection rating | Usually IP20 or similar for dry indoor locations | Often IP65 at the front and IP54 or higher at the rear | Commonly IP30–IP65, depending on indoor or outdoor use | Usually IP20 for indoor installations; sealed designs may offer higher protection |
| Typical power consumption | Average: approximately 150–300 W/m²; maximum: approximately 500–800 W/m² | Average: approximately 250–450 W/m²; maximum: approximately 700–1,200 W/m² | Average: approximately 200–400 W/m²; maximum: approximately 600–1,000 W/m² | Average: approximately 120–280 W/m²; maximum: approximately 400–700 W/m² |
| Common module format | Examples include 320 × 160 mm and 250 × 250 mm modules | Examples include 320 × 160 mm and 480 × 320 mm modules | Common cabinet sizes include 500 × 500 mm and 500 × 1,000 mm | Often uses smaller integrated LED packages mounted directly on a circuit board |
| LED package structure | Surface-mounted RGB LED packages | High-brightness surface-mounted RGB LED packages with outdoor protection | Surface-mounted LED packages on lightweight, serviceable cabinets | Chip-on-board LED construction with LED chips directly mounted on the board |
| How the image is produced | A controller receives video data, distributes it through receiving cards, and sends grayscale and color instructions to LED driver circuits. Red, green and blue LED elements are adjusted with pulse-width modulation to create different colors and brightness levels. Thousands of pixels combine to form the complete image. |
| Pixel density calculation | Approximate pixels per inch (PPI) = 25.4 ÷ pixel pitch in millimeters. A smaller pitch produces higher pixel density and supports closer viewing distances, while generally increasing cost and data requirements. |
| Expected service life | LED components are commonly rated for up to approximately 100,000 hours under specified operating conditions. Actual service life depends on brightness settings, operating temperature, humidity, ventilation, power quality and maintenance. |
| Main advantages for global buyers | High detail, wide viewing angles, seamless large-format images and low viewing-distance requirements | High brightness, weather resistance, long operating capability and strong outdoor visibility | Fast assembly, lightweight cabinets, flexible screen sizes and convenient transportation | High contrast, improved surface durability, reduced pixel visibility and close-viewing performance |
| Key purchasing checks | Confirm pixel pitch, brightness, refresh rate, cabinet dimensions, power requirements, voltage compatibility, front or rear maintenance access, protection rating, spare parts availability, control-system compatibility, transport packaging and local electrical or safety requirements. |